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Chii chinonzi polyolefins?

Polyolefins imhuri ye polyethylene uye polypropylene thermoplastics.Izvo zvinogadzirwa zvakanyanya kubva kuoiri uye gasi rechisikigo nemaitiro epolymerization ye ethylene uye propylene zvichiteerana.Kuita kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana kwakaita kuti ive imwe yemapurasitiki anozivikanwa zvikuru ari kushandiswa nhasi.

Zvivakwa zve polyolefins

Kune marudzi mana ema polyolefins:

• LDPE (yakaderera-density polyethylene): LDPE inotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe0.910-0.940 g / cm3.Inogona kumira tembiricha ye80 °C nguva dzose uye 95 °C kwenguva pfupi.Yakagadzirwa mu translucent kana opaque misiyano, inoshanduka uye yakaoma.
• LLDPE (linear low-density polyethylene): i polyethylene yakakura, ine nhamba dzakakosha dzemapazi mapfupi, anowanzo gadzirwa necopolymerization ye ethylene ine refu-chain olefins.LLDPE ine yakakwira tensile simba uye yakakwirira simba uye puncture kuramba kupfuura LDPE.Inoshanduka uye inorebesa pasi pekunetseka.Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mafirimu akaonda uye ane kumira kwakanaka kumakemikari.Iine zvinhu zvakanaka zvemagetsi.Nekudaro, hazvisi nyore kugadzirisa seLDPE.
• HDPE (yakakwirira-density polyethylene): HDPE inozivikanwa nehukuru hwayo hwesimba-kusvika-density reshiyo.Huwandu hweHDPE hunogona kubva pa0.93 kusvika 0.97 g/cm3 kana 970 kg/m3.Kunyangwe kuwanda kweHDPE kwakangokwirira zvishoma pane iyo yakaderera-density polyethylene, HDPE ine diki branching, ichipa iyo yakasimba intermolecular masimba uye tensile simba kupfuura LDPE.Iyo yakaoma zvakare uye yakawanda opaque uye inogona kumira yakati wandei tembiricha (120 ° C kwenguva pfupi).
• PP (polypropylene): Kuwanda kwePP kuri pakati pe0.895 ne0.92 g/cm³.Naizvozvo, PP ndiyo purasitiki yezvinhu ine density yakaderera.Kuenzaniswa ne polyethylene (PE) ine yepamusoro mechanical zvivakwa uye kupisa kupisa, asi kushoma kemikari kuramba.PP inowanzoomarara uye inochinjika, kunyanya kana copolymerised ne ethylene.

Zvishandiso zve polyolefins

Hunhu chaihwo hwemhando dzakasiyana dze polyolefins dzinozvikweretesa kune akasiyana maapplication, akadai se:

• LDPE: firimu rekunamatira, mabhegi anotakura, firimu rekurima, mukaka katoni coatings, yemagetsi tambo coating, rinorema basa mabhegi maindasitiri.
• LLDPE: yakatambanudza firimu, maindasitiri ekurongedza firimu, matete-madziro midziyo, uye inorema-basa, epakati uye mabhegi madiki.
• HDPE: makrete nemabhokisi, mabhodhoro (ezvigadzirwa zvekudya, detergents, cosmetics), midziyo yechikafu, matoyi, matangi epeturu, kuputira kwemaindasitiri uye firimu, pombi uye zvemumba.
• PP: kurongedzerwa kwechikafu, zvinosanganisira yoghuti, majarini, zvinotapira nezvikafu zvekuputira, zvigaba zvisingabvumirwe nemicrowave, shinda dzekapeti, fenicha yemugadheni, kurongedzerwa kwekurapa nemidziyo, mikwende, midziyo yemukicheni, uye pombi.