Indasitiri ye ethylene muChina yakapinda zvishoma nezvishoma munguva yekukura, iyo yakadzika kubva pakadzika inonyanya PE, ethylene oxide (EO), EG, SM, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Muna 2020, iwo mapoka mashanu ezvigadzirwa akaverengera 97.2% yehuwandu hwekushandisa ethylene.Pakati pavo, chikamu chikuru chekushandisa ndeye PE, inoverengera 63.5 muzana yehuwandu hwekushandisa.Izvi zvakateverwa neEO uye EG, iyo yakaverengera 10.3% uye 9.0% maererano (ona Mufananidzo 2).
1 |PE yekuvandudza maitiro: homogeneity kukwikwidza kwakanyanya, kusiyanisa, kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro
PE main products ari linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) matatu mapoka.PE ine zvakanakira mutengo wakaderera uye yakanaka makemikari zvivakwa, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima, indasitiri uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.Kubva 2016 kusvika 2021, iyo yepamusha yekugadzira PE yakaramba ichikura, iine avhareji yekukura kwegumi nemaviri muzana, iine huwandu hwekugadzira huwandu hwematani 27.73 miriyoni / gore muna 2021.
Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvePE muChina zvinonyanya kutsamira pazvinhu zvakaderera, uye zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro zvePE zvinovimba zvakanyanya nekutenga kunze kwenyika, uye pane zviri pachena matambudziko ehurongwa, izvo zvinoti zvakasara zvezvigadzirwa zvepasi uye kushaikwa kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.Mumakore mashoma anotevera, nekuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwesimba rekugadzira PE, kukwikwidza kwakafanana kuchave kunotyisa, uye kutsiva kwepamba kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro kwakakura.Tichitora zvigadzirwa zve metallocene polyethylene (mPE) semuenzaniso, pari zvino kudiwa kwemusika wepamba kungangoita miriyoni imwe yematani / gore, uye kugadzirwa kweChina muna 2020 kunongosvika zviuru zana negumi negumi.Iyo gap hombe yekugovera inomutsa huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika mPE kupinda mumusika weChina.Nokudaro, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti PE ikure munzira yepamusoro-soro uye kusiyanisa.
2 |EO yekuvandudza maitiro ekubatanidza uye EO / EG inoshanduka chinja
EO inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kweEG, uye mazhinji emabhizinesi anotora EO/EG co-kugadzira mudziyo.Uye zvakare, EO inogona zvakare kushandiswa mukudzikisa mvura mumiririri, polyether, disinfection uye sterilization minda.
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuderera zvishoma nezvishoma kweEG purofiti yemusika, mazhinji EO/EG co-production mauniti akatanga kuchinjika kune kugadzirwa kweEO, uye achifunga kuchinjika kubuda kwezvose zviri zviviri, kuitira kuvandudza hupfumi.EO kugadzirwa kwesimba kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, asi kukudziridzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvepasi kwakapinda mubhodhoro nguva, uye chiitiko chekufanana uye homogeneity chiri pachena.Zvigadzirwa zvikuru, zvakadai sepolycarboxylic acid mvura inoderedza agent monomer, surfactant uye ethanolamine, yanga yakatarisana nemamiriro ekudarika, kukwikwidza kwemaindasitiri kunotyisa, chiyero chekushandisa chakaderera.Kune izvi, kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwekumusoro uye kudzika kwekusimudzira modhi, ichave yakanyatso kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwepakati kwemabhizinesi, senge ethylene, EO, EG, kuvaka kune polyether monomer (yakadai se polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, allyl polyoxyethylene ether, methyl. allyl polyoxyethylene ether), polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactants (senge fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) uye yakazara maindasitiri cheni, Ramba uchiwedzera kudzika pasi, akapfuma zvigadzirwa zvikamu.
3 |EG: kuwedzera maindasitiri ketani, chigadzirwa muchinjika kugadzirwa marongero
EG ndiyo yechipiri yakakura kwazvo yekushandisa munda we ethylene.Kubva 2016 kusvika 2021, nekugadzirwa kwemapurojekiti makuru emarasha-makemikari uye mapurojekiti akabatanidzwa ekunatsa nemakemikari, EG yekugadzira huwandu hwakawedzera gore negore, nehuwandu hwekugadzira huwandu hwematani 21.452 miriyoni / gore muna 2021.
Mumakore achangopfuura, simba reEG rakaramba richikura, asi kudiwa kwepasi kwakaderera, kuwandisa kuchava pachena.Kubva pamaonero ekupera kwekushandisa, EG yedu inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira polyester, accounting yeEG kushandiswa kwechimiro chinodarika 90%, munda wekushandisa hauna kurongeka, kune ipfupi yekudzika indasitiri cheni, chigadzirwa chimiro chakafanana, yakaderera mutengo kukwikwidza. matambudziko akakomba.
Mune ramangwana, isu tinofanirwa kuwedzera mashandisirwo uye kugadzirwa kweunsaturated polyester resin, mafuta ekuzora, plasticizer, isiri-ionic surfactant, coating, inki uye mamwe maindasitiri kuburikidza nekuwedzera kweketani yemaindasitiri, zvishoma nezvishoma shandura mamiriro ekushandiswa kumwe chete, gadzira maindasitiri cheni kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakushandisa, kuvandudza kukosha kwakawedzerwa kwezvigadzirwa, kuitira kuderedza njodzi dzemusika.
4 |SM maitiro: yakakura yekuwedzera kugona, kugadzikana kweiyo yakadzika indasitiri
Kudzika kweSM kunonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira styrene polymers uye akasiyana ionic polymers, akadai seanopisa polystyrene (EPS), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS), unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), styrene rabha. (SBR), styrene copolymer (SBC) uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Pakati pavo, EPS, PS uye ABS account inopfuura 70% yeSM kushandiswa muChina, uye zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumidziyo yemumba, midziyo yemagetsi, mota, real estate uye mamwe maindasitiri.
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekugadzirwa kweakakura-akadzika kudzika anotsigira SM mauniti ekunatsa uye kubatanidzwa kwemakemikari muChina uye kuwedzera kwepropylene oxide/styrene monomer (PO/SM) co-kugadzira mapurojekiti, SM kugadzirwa kwesimba kwakaratidza kuenderera mberi kwekukura maitiro. .Kubva 2020 kusvika 2022, huwandu hwekugadzira hweSM hwakaona kukurumidza kukura, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti pakupera kwa2022, huwandu hwekugadzira huchapfuura mamirioni makumi maviri ematani / gore.Nekuenderera mberi kwekuburitswa kwehunyanzvi, maitiro ekupa mudzimba uye kudiwa kwakaona shanduko yakacherechedzwa, nekutengesa kunze kuderera zvakanyanya uye hushoma hwekutengesa kunze kwenyika.Sezvo hutsva hwekugadzira huwandu hweSM hwakakura kupfuura hwe pure benzene muna 2021, mbishi zvinhu pure benzene iri mumamiriro ekushomeka, izvo zvinowedzera kumanikidza purofiti yekugadzira yeSM.Kubva pakuona kwekushandisa, pakati pemisika mitatu yakadzika, iyo indasitiri yeABS chete inochengetedza yakakwira yekushanda, izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kugaya kuwedzera kwekupa kunounzwa neSM's nyowani yekugadzira kugona.Nekuda kweizvozvo, SM inokanganiswa nekupokana pakati pekupa uye kudiwa uye mutengo wekutsigira, uye mamiriro emusika anoratidza siyana-oscillating maitiro.Mumusika wekupedzisira, "hupfumi hwepamba" hwakakonzerwa neCCIDID-19 denda hwakawedzera kutengesa kwemidziyo midiki yemumba.Panguva imwecheteyo, mamiriro edenda achiri akanyanya kune dzimwe nyika, uye kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira denda uye zvimwe midziyo yemumba inodarika tarisiro, izvo zvakafambisa kukura kwekudiwa kweSM indasitiri cheni uye nekuvandudza purofiti zvakanyanya.
5 |PVC yekuvandudza maitiro: kunaka uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kunofambidzana
PVC ndiyo yekutanga yepasirese synthetic resin zvinhu munyika yedu.Nekuita kwayo kwakatanhamara uye mutengo wechiyero, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri uye ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva zvigadzirwa, ine yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba, murazvo unodzoreredza, kemikari corrosion resistance uye magetsi ekudzivirira maitiro.Kugadzirwa kwePVC kunonyanya kuve nemhando mbiri dzegadziriro yekugadzirira, imwe ndeye calcium carbide nzira, iyo huru yekugadzira mbishi zvinhu icalcium carbide, marasha uye mbishi munyu.MuChina, yakaganhurwa nerubatsiro rwemarasha akapfuma, mafuta akaonda uye gasi diki, nzira ye calcium carbide ndiyo nzira huru.Muchigadzirwa chekugadzira, huwandu hukuru hwemvura yakachena inopedzwa, uye kune mabhodhoro akadai seyakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba uye kusvibiswa.Chechipiri, ethylene process, iyo huru mbishi zvinhu ndeye petroleum.Musika wepasi rose unonyanya kuita ethylene process, ine mhando yechigadzirwa yakanakisa, tekinoroji yepamusoro, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo, ine mukana wekutsiva calcium carbide process mune ramangwana.
China ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose yePVC, asi zvakare mutengi mukuru, musika wepamusha uri mumamiriro ekudarika.Mukushandiswa kwepasi rose kwepurasitiki pachinzvimbo chesimbi, plastiki pachinzvimbo chehuni zano, kuderedza kudyiwa kwezvicherwa uye huni pasi pemashure, PVC resin yakawana budiriro huru, musika wepasi pekushandisa unoramba uchiwedzera, mumapurasitiki profiles, kuwedzerwa ropa kwekurapa. machubhu, mabhegi ekuisira ropa, mota, zvinhu zvinopupuma furo uye mamwe minda yechigadzirwa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Nekukwidziridzwa kwemaitiro ekumadhorobha eChina uye kuvandudzwa kwemamiriro ekugara kwevagari, zvinotarisirwa uye zvinodiwa nenharaunda kuchengetedza nharaunda zvakagara zvichisimudzwa.Iyo yakadzika yeindasitiri yePVC yakapinda munhanho yemakwikwi anotyisa pakati pemhando nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye ndima yekushandisa yakaramba ichiwedzerwa uye maitiro ebudiriro akasiyana ari pachena.
6 |zvimwe kugadzirwa kwezvinhu |
Zvimwe ethylene pasi pemvura zvigadzirwa, senge ethylene - vinyl acetate, polyvinyl doro, vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene - vinyl doro copolymer uye ethylene - acrylic acid copolymer, epdm, nezvimwewo, iyo yazvino account yediki, tarisiro yekushandisa. yeyakagadzikana, iyo yazvino application yakawedzera kuwedzera tarisiro haigone kuona, zvakare haigone kuona inotsiviwa nenhamba huru yekutyisidzira.Zvigadzirwa zvemumba zve polyolefin zvemukati zvinowanzoganhurwa nezvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi zvekunze, senge ethylene-α-olefin (1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, nezvimwewo) copolymer, tekinoroji yemumba haina kukura, pane nzvimbo yakakura. zvebudiriro.Zvizhinji zvekudzika zvigadzirwa zve ethylene zvinoenderana negwara rekusimudzira magariro nehupfumi uye zvinodiwa zvekusimudzira kushandiswa.Semuenzaniso, pasi pekumashure kwekabhoni peak uye kabhoni kusarerekera, iyo photovoltaic indasitiri inopinda munzira inokurumidza kusimudzira, kudiwa kweEVA photovoltaic zvinhu kuchawedzera nekumhanya kwakanyanya, uye mutengo wemusika we ethylene acetate ucharamba uchimhanya padanho repamusoro. .
Zvinotarisirwa kuti panosvika 2025, huwandu hweChina hwekugadzira ethylene huchapfuura mamirioni makumi manomwe ematani / gore, izvo zvinozozadzisa zvinodiwa mudzimba, uye panogona kunge paine yakawandisa.Pasi pesimba renyika "double control" mutemo wekushandiswa kwesimba, indasitiri yemakemikari yemarasha uye petrochemical indasitiri ichasangana nemuedzo wakakomba panguva yegumi nemana yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu, izvo zvinokonzeresa kusavimbika kukuru kune ethylene purojekiti vachishandisa fossil zviwanikwa seyakabikwa. zvinhu.Muchirevo chekukwira kwekabhoni uye kusarerekera kabhoni, mabhizinesi anorayirwa kuti afunge zvizere kudzikiswa uye kutsiviwa kwekabhoni emissions pakuronga mapurojekiti akadai, kutsiva simba refossil nesimba rinodzokororwa uye magetsi akachena, nekushingairira kubvisa kumashure kwekugadzira uye kuderedza huwandu hwakawandisa, uye kusimudzira. shanduko yeindasitiri nekusimudzira.
Ethylene nehaidhirojeni inogadzirwa nepurojekiti ye ethane kuparuka kune ethylene zvakakosha zviwanikwa zvinodiwa nemusika wepamba, zvine tarisiro huru yebudiriro uye pundutso yakasimba.Kunyanya kutsamira kune kunze kwenyika, ethane zviwanikwa zvemumba, zvisinei, kune imwechete yakasvibira masosi, nzvimbo dzekugovera dzakatsaurirwa, matambudziko ekufambisa kwegungwa, senge "njodzi" yavo, inokurudzira National Development and Reform Commission nemamwe madhipatimendi eindasitiri kusimbisa kuronga kutungamira. .
Ethylene yakadzika kurukova kunyanya yakakwira-magumo kubva, ichaunza nzvimbo yakakura yemusika.Zvakadai semPE, ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, yakakwira kabhoni doro, cyclic olefin polymer uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvichave zvinotariswa pamusika.Mune ramangwana, mapurojekiti matsva akadai sekunatsa nekubatanidza makemikari, CTO/MTO, uye ethane cracking ichapa yakakwana ethylene raw materials kuti ikurumidze kusimudzira ethylene yakadzika indasitiri kuenda kugwara re "kusiyana, kwepamusoro-kuguma uye kushanda".
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-03-2022